Inventor(s): Mahaveer Jain (Greater Noida, , IN), Mahesh Chowdhary (San Jose, CA) Assignee(s): STMicroelectronics, Inc. (Coppell, TX) Law Firm: Crowe Dunleavy (Local + 7 other metros) Application No., Date, Speed: 14974402 on 12/18/2015 (1089 days app to issue)

Supplementary material for this article is available at http://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/4/3/eaao5603/DC1

Before the 1950s, the term diaspora was, perhaps, only attributed to the Jews, who were dispersed across Europe.

She was born on April 15, 1937 in Cedartown, the daughter of the late Samuel Oliver and Edna Ann Upton Camp.

TomTom Car Sat Nav Start 52, 5 Inch with Lifetime WE Maps, Resistive Screen – now:£79.99, was: £129.99

The label synonymous with luxury further embraced the legacy by taking Paris Fashion Week to the renovated Longchamp for a Saturday evening display.

Twinning is a crystal-growth disorder in which the specimen is composed of distinct domains whose orientations differ but are related in a particular, well-defined way. Twinning, which is a known problem in protein crystallography, …

Khandekar and his lab colleagues talk about pigments in a way that is at once technically sophisticated and disarmingly naïve. Like Ruskin, they live in pursuit of the innocent romance of creation—that moment when the colors were fresh, everything dried as it was meant to, and there was no thought of the hostile work of time. As Khandekar rightly observed, while many artists are reluctant to enter the interpretive fray when discussing their own art works, most are eager to discuss materials and the physical execution of their ideas.

Judge, Mitchell Coll, of Coll Architecture, said The Family Bach was a "fun design, not only in its aesthetic but also the way it encourages play."

Here, a ternary heterostructure (Fig. 1), magnetic Fe3O4@GO@TiO2 (denoted as MGT), was developed (10), working as a plasmon-free SERS substrate with high molecular selectivity and stability, as well as a remarkable EF value of up to 8.08 × 106. This notable EF value was found to be mainly attributed to a high-efficiency interfacial CT process between GO and TiO2, which was verified by theoretical calculation and time-resolved diffuse reflectance (TDR) spectroscopic measurements. The present SERS substrate with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed to determine trace biological species, such as programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1, a model molecule), at the single-cell level. PD-L1 and its predominant target, programmed death 1 (PD-1), are two crucial immune checkpoint molecules tightly associated with immune resistance (11), which promote immune evasion and tumor recurrence and metastasis (12). PD-L1 is rarely expressed in regular epithelial tissues but is aberrantly expressed in many cancers, including breast (13), melanoma (14), and renal cell carcinoma (15). Immunotherapy using anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 antibody (Ab) to block the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 has shown positive antitumor effects in clinical studies (16). Therefore, the quantitative characterization of PD-L1 expression on the cell surface has become an extremely important subject directly related to the development of diagnostic tools to guide PD-L1–based personalized treatment. A variety of analytical tools for PD-L1 monitoring have been reported during the past few years, such as immunohistochemical detection, mass spectrometry (MS), radiological imaging, flow cytometry, and positron emission tomography (17–21). To give a better understanding of the structural and functional roles that cells play in biological systems, it is necessary to develop a robust tool for the analysis and quantification of the components and metabolites in different individual cells (22). Developing a robust preliminary testing approach that provides reliable and quantitative diagnostic results in real time and in situ PD-L1 monitoring at the single-cell level remains a challenge. Triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) are types of cancer cells that always exhibit immune evasion and tumor recurrence and metastasis triggered by PD-L1 (12). In this experiment, we successfully used an MGT-based SERS probe to visualize and compare the expression and distribution of PD-L1 on three different kinds of TNBC surfaces at the single-cell level, which helped us to understand how PD-L1 behaves within different breast cancer genomic subtypes.

The researchers developed a method that removes color from water using a sponge-like material they created from wood pulp and small bits of metal. Cellulose, the main structure in plant cell walls and the most abundant natural material on Earth, provides the backbone of the material, which is decorated with tiny pieces of palladium. This metal serves as a catalyst to help remove color quickly.

Finishing powders are one of my favorite things…but also one of the hardest things to find, at least in my experience. I’ve tried countless, and I have a few that I like and use, but nothing that I consider Holy Grail at this point. This one could be it, though. If you don’t use a finishing powder, you must. It completes the look and sets the work of art you just created on your face. This Hourglass Lighting Powder is one product that I knew I was going to buy the day I went in for this beauty haul because, as the product detail states, "The micron-size, color-correcting particles refract light and create transparent coverage, filtering out harsh light and refining the appearance of the skin." How could you not want to try that? My only issue, which isn’t a big deal, is that it adds a bit of sparkle to the skin. I’m not huge on a sparkly face (and I’m being a little bit dramatic—it’s not that sparkly), but I’d prefer a non-sparkly finish. I think those "sparkling particles" are what helps filter the light and refine the look of your skin, though. So for that, I guess I’ll take the shimmers.