In 2013, London Borough of Ealing submitted a VAT refund claim to HMRC, which was rejected, arguing its supplies were exempt from VAT.

What we lack is a decent 30fps cap, which sees performance lurch – Nvidia’s half-rate adaptive v-sync produces ungodly stutter here, and it’s down to Riva Tuner Statistics Server’s frame-rate cap to level performance, though frame-pacing is still an issue. Even so, this is a great experience overall on cheap hardware, boding well for those with quad-core processors and better GPUs. As an aside, we can say that even ultra level textures still fit comfortably within a 2GB framebuffer at 1080p. VRAM utilisation isn’t a problem for Fallout 4.

The Plastics Group of America has added new customers in what Executive Vice President Mike Rosenthal has described as “a very busy, very good year for the Woonsocket, R.I.-based firm. TPG in 2018 has seen growth in filled PP materials for recreational vehicles, gun stocks, housewares and other products, he said.

[H02P] CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS [4]

Andrade-Watkins, a PhD, is Professor of Africana and Postcolonial Media Studies at Emerson, and is a Fellow at the Swearer Center for Public Service at Brown (as well as a visiting scholar). She is the Director of the Fox Point Cape Verdean Project, President, SPIA Media Productions, Inc., and a pioneer of global, intercultural media, marketing and distribution.  Her CV of work and accomplishments is 17 pages long. 

Note that water molecules form a more compact water wire motif in R-HC8 and S-HC8 compared with HC8. The I-quartet water channels of rhomboidal shape (20.1 × 22.9 Å2 for HC8 and 22.4 × 14.9 Å2 for R-HC8 and S-HC8, considering a projection in a plane and not taking into account the van der Waals radii of terminal sites) determine a pore gap in the 2.6 Å channel, very close to the narrowest constriction observed in AQP water channels (2.8 Å) perfectly accommodating water wires’ binding and conduction (22, 23). Moreover, these structures confirm that precise interactions constrain the orientation of water molecules that move collectively while maintaining H-bond interactions within the I-quartet pore. A similar occupancy by partially hydrated cations would imply a change in the energy difference between H-bonding configurations of hydrated cations in the I-quartet pore. The binding behavior of I-quartets is optimal for maximizing the pure water translocation rates (24). From the x-ray single-crystal data of the I-quartets reported here, it can be concluded that (i) the water structure in individual channels of both chiral R-HC8 and S-HC8 or achiral HC8 imidazoles form oriented water wires. Such a directional chiral ordering of confined water is imposed by relative positioning of the imidazole dimers within the channel. (ii) For HC8, because of the symmetry inversion centers, two vicinal water–filled channels are oppositely oriented, so a racemic mixture of water wires of both chiralities are present, whereas for the chiral nonsymmetric R-HC8 and S-HC8 channels, water wires present a unique dipolar orientation of all successive channels (Fig. 1, F and G).

The MGT substrate with high reproducibility, sensitivity, and selectivity was then developed as an immunoassay SERS probe (MGT-Abs-CuPc) through the immobilization of the PD-L1 Abs and CuPc for PD-L1 analysis on TNBC surfaces (Fig. 5A). As shown in fig. S5A, upon the introduction of CuPc molecules to MGT, the UV-vis spectrum exhibits two peaks at 620 and 690 nm, which correspond to the adsorption of CuPc. After the immobilization of Abs to MGT, we observed an additional peak at ~260 nm, which should be attributed to adsorption of Abs. All these three additional peaks show the successful fabrication of the MGT-Abs-CuPc nanoprobe. To further confirm Abs conjugation to the nanostructures, we performed SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) imaging of MGT, Abs, and Abs-modified MGT (MGT-Abs). SDS-PAGE is a powerful analytical technique for protein identification in complex biological samples and has been widely used in biological studies for decades. As shown in fig. S5B, MGT-Abs [fig. S5B (III)] was higher than both MGT [fig. S5B (I)] and Abs [fig. S5B (II)], indicating the different molecular weights: MGT-Abs > MGT > Abs. SDS-PAGE imaging in fig. S5B (I to III) definitively showed the successful conjugation between the nanostructure and Abs. In addition, we also carried out FTIR spectroscopy (fig. S5C) to investigate the conjugation. Compared to MGT, MGT-Abs showed an additional infrared band assigned to the C–N stretching vibration at 1400 cm−1 and the C=O stretching vibration at 1620 cm−1. These two additional peaks were attributed to the formation of an amide bond at the interface between MGT and Abs. Both SDS-PAGE images and FTIR results revealed that Abs has been successfully conjugated to the nanostructures. We carried out confocal imaging to verify the recognition ability of MGT-Abs to the PD-L1 protein. We conducted three parallel experiments, which are shown in fig. S5 (D to G). No fluorescence signal was obtained after the coincubation of MGT and Cy5-labeled PD-L1. Moreover, before incubating with Cy5-labeled PD-L1, MGT-Abs also showed weak fluorescence. However, after the incubation with Cy5-labeled PD-L1, confocal images exhibited a bright fluorescence signal, indicating the high affinity and recognition ability of MGT-Abs to the PD-L1 protein. We incubated the developed probe with high SERS activity with TNBCs to quantify the PD-L1 expression on the surface of different TNBCs (Fig. 5A) using Raman spectroscopy. Temperature and incubation time are two important factors that determine the overall SERS signals. As shown in fig. S5 (H and I), the maximum SERS response was achieved at 37°C and 60 min. The amount of CuPc and Abs immobilized on MGT was another important experimental parameter. As the concentration of CuPc and Abs progressively increased, we observed the Raman peak at 1530 cm−1 to first increase and then decrease after the concentration reached 10 mM for CuPc and 100 μM for Abs, indicating that the optimal concentration of CuPc is 10 mM, while that of Abs is 100 μM (fig. S5, J and K). Moreover, we examined the cytotoxicity of the MGT-Abs-CuPc probe with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. As a result, the variability of HCC38, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells remained approximately 98% (15 μM, 120 min; fig. S6), indicating the low cytotoxicity of the probe. After optimizing experimental conditions and assessing biocompatibility, we conducted three parallel experiments to evaluate the PD-L1 expression levels on three different types of TNBC (HCC38, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231) surfaces. HCC38 cells were first used as model cells. As shown in Fig. 5B, Raman intensity increased with an increasing number of cells captured on the silicon foil. The intensity of the Raman peak at 1530 cm−1 was used to reflect the amount of the MGT-Abs-CuPc probe attached to the cell surface. The intensity of the Raman peak (I) was proportional to the logarithmic value of captured cancer cells (N) in the range from 5 × 102 to 5 × 105 cells (R = 0.990, n = 7; Fig. 5C), which was consistent with the kinetics mechanism of the antigen-Abs reaction in the Abs excess zone (fig. S7A). The linear regression is shown in Eq. 1

Having played rugby for Highfield, he joined Cork Constitution, serving as player, selector and finally president and trustee of the club. Selected for Munster and Ireland, he played in the second row for the national team in 1952 and won three caps that year.

Vmir’s go-tos for "restoring the health and shine of hair after coloring" include Moroccan Argan Oil (for hydration on damp and dry hair), and a treatment and shampoo called Silicone Mix (to revive older extensions). Use them regularly to keep hair glossy and vibrant, long after your dye job is done.

But they faced increasing scrutiny. Dozens of illnesses caused by brightly colored Halloween candy in 1950 led the FDA to strike coal tar colors Orange #1, Orange #2, and Red #32 from the list. Any potential renewal of their status was squelched when testing of all three colors made lab animals seriously ill. Twenty years later, another scare involved Red #2. Some tests showed that the color made female rats develop tumors. The backlash was so intense that some companies stopped selling red-dyed food for the next decade. The red M&M disappeared until 1987.

These are just the most common stains, of course, but what’s most important is the toolkit. Once you understand both how the stain works, and how different cleaners clear it away, the battle against contaminants is (almost) won.

He is preceded in death by his parents; sister, Gray Camarata; brother in law, Ray Carter; cousin, Sue Slappey, and two grandchildren, Kyle and Megan.